1‘Nuclear installations’ includes nuclear power plants, other reactors (such as research reactors and critical assemblies) and nuclear fuel cycle facilities.

2INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Quality Assurance for Safety in Nuclear Power Plants and other Nuclear Installations, Safety Series No. 50-C/SG-Q, IAEA, Vienna (1996).

3This Safety Guide covers the security of nuclear installations, nuclear material and sources of radiation only to the extent that security measures for physical protection are essential to safety and the failure of such measures has consequences for safety.

4Economic objectives are included in the list of elements that have to be integrated, as it is recognized that economic decisions and actions may introduce, or may mitigate, potential effects on safety.

5The term ‘research’ covers research on items, services and processes that may have an effect on safety in the stages of site evaluation, design, construction, commissioning, operation and decommissioning in the lifetime of a nuclear installation, and also the conduct of the research activities for which a nuclear installation (e.g. a research reactor) is built.

6A product is an output from a process. Examples include a piece of equipment maintained and electricity generated.

7‘Senior management’ means the person who, or group of people which, directs, controls and assesses an organization at the highest level. In nuclear installations, many different terms are used, including, for example: chief executive officer, director general, executive team, plant manager, top manager, site vice-president and managing director.

8The difference between management and leadership can be stated simply whereby ‘management’ is a function and ‘leadership’ is a relationship. Management ensures that work is completed in accordance with requirements, plans and resources. It is through leadership that individuals may be influenced and motivated, and organizations changed. Managers may also act as leaders.

9In some States this interaction is referred to as ‘man–technology–organization’.

10These goals, strategies, plans and objectives are sometimes collectively referred to as a ‘business plan’.

11‘Resources’ includes individuals, infrastructure, the working environment, information and knowledge, and suppliers, as well as material and financial resources.

12An ‘intelligent customer capability’ is the capability of the organization to have a clear understanding and knowledge of the product or service being supplied.

13Documents may include: policies, procedures, instructions, specifications and drawings (or representations in other media), training materials and any other texts that describe processes, specify requirements or establish product specifications.

14Design input documentation includes design requirements, design specifications, design guides and standards, documents on the analysis basis, documentation of technical specifications and flow sheets.

15The size of the assessment unit differs from organization to organization. In some organizations, the assessment function may even be a responsibility assigned to a single individual or to an external organization.

16The individual formally appointed to be responsible for construction activities may be the head of the construction organization.